Abstracts on all aspects of geophysics are highly encouraged. If your abstract does not fit into a specific session listed here, submit it to the General Contribution session in the appropriate discipline. Abstracts submitted to the General Contribution sessions will be grouped into other sessions by the Program Committee. If your abstract falls under more than one session description, please choose which ever one you think is most appropriate.
Designators for sessions belong to the lead section (e.g., A01 denotes Atmospheric Sciences, P01 denotes Planetary Sciences, etc.). Joint sessions are listed under all sections that have agreed to sponsor particular sessions. These sessions follow the primary section listing. Some sections have elected to only cosponsor sessions.
Sections G, GP, S, T, and VGP have listed all sessions under Solid Earth
(SE) for this meeting. The
session designations are written, for example, as SE02 (T,G,S) indicating that
the primary focus is Tectonophysics (T), and that the session is also of
interest to Geodesy (G) and Seismology (S).
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Contributions relevant in any area over the full spectrum of the Atmospheric Sciences may be submitted to this series of the sessions. Accepted contributions will be organized into appropriate topical sessions. More than half the papers contributed for AGU meetings will not find a home in the pre-approved sessions suggested by a variety of conveners. Papers submitted to these sessions give the program chairs an opportunity to fashion a backbone for the meeting and determine what the broad range of contributors feel is important in the section right now.
Convener: Kevin P. Hamilton, University of Hawaii, International Pacific Research Center, SOEST, Post Building 401 Honolulu, HI 96822, e-mail: kph@soest.hawaii.edu, and James A. Renwick, NIWA Greta Point, P.O. Box 14901, Wellington 6003, NEW ZEALAND, e-mail: j.renwick@niwa.cri.nz
A01 SOLAS: Surface Ocean–Lower
Atmosphere Studies
This is a proposal for a session and an additional workshop (on the day before
the main conference (Monday 8 July) to refine the regional (Australia–New
Zealand) SOLAS-ANZ Science and Implementation Plan). Over the past decade the
findings of IGBP (International Geosphere-Biosphere Program) programs such as
JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study), WOCE (World Ocean Circulation
Experiment), and IGAC (International Global Atmospheric Chemistry) have
identified complex interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere which
require targeted and coupled study of both domains. These interactions have
important societal relevance, as they affect the ability to predict climate
change and its probable impact on ocean ecosystems. SOLAS is a new
international program designed to address these interactions, particularly
those which take place at the interface, including air-sea exchange of the
gases and aerosols involved in marine biogeochemical cycles. Within the
Australia–New
Zealand region, studies have been proposed for wide-ranging environments from
the coral reef systems of the Great Barrier Reef to the Antarctic ice edge.
Well-defined and productive frontal waters to the east of New Zealand have
also proven to be an excellent natural laboratory. The SOLAS-ANZ science plan
is currently being developed. (A draft is available on the SOLAS-ANZ Website
(under the Special Projects menu at www.antcrc.utas.edu). We invite papers
that contribute to this theme with a regional focus. In order to address major
uncertainties in our understanding of air-sea interactions, proposed
measurements range from the interfacial microlayer scale to larger regional
flux assessments. At the small-scale, how can we refine our understanding of
the processes governing the exchange of gases and aerosols and the dependence
of these processes on atmospheric and oceanic factors? At the larger scale,
the Southern Ocean Iron Release Experiment has demonstrated the importance of
iron limitation on summer productivity and the gas exchange. What other
limitations affect the regional flux of climatically important gases? What
factors affect the formation of aerosols that may act as cloud condensation
nuclei? How can we extend our biogeochemical perspectives with remote sensing?
Conveners: Mike Harvey, NIWA, 310 Evans Bay Parade , Wellington, 6003 NZL, Tel: +64-4-386-0300, Fax: +64 4 386 2153, e-mail: m.harvey@niwa.cri.nz, and Tom Trull, Antarctic CRC, University of Tasmania, GPO BOX 252-80, Hobart, 7001 AUS, e-mail: Tom.Trull@utas.edu.au
A02 Trends and Variability in Southern Hemisphere
Midlatitude Ozone
Origins of trends and variability in Southern Hemisphere midlatitude ozone
remain poorly understood. Key features in total column ozone changes over
southern midlatitudes, such as the nonlinear nature of the downward tendency,
the large downward step during the mid-1980s and the apparent absence of a
Mount Pinatubo induced perturbation (compared with the Northern Hemisphere),
are not reproduced in atmospheric chemistry models. This session aims to bring
together scientists working in this field with the goal of increasing our
understanding of the various forcing mechanisms and our ability to model them.
Such mechanisms may include (but are not limited to) changes in dynamics
(e.g., tropopause height variations, the Antarctic Oscillation), export of
ozone depleted or chemically processed air from the Antarctic vortex, insitu
ozone depletion, and the role of climate change. The session welcomes
contributions in observations of Southern Hemisphere midlatitude ozone change,
comparison with Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, measurements of trace gases
involved in midlatitude ozone chemistry, the impact of the Antarctic ozone
hole on southern midlatitudes, the chemistry of midlatitude ozone depletion,
modeling of these processes, and our ability to predict the future evolution
of Southern Hemisphere midlatitude ozone.
Conveners: Greg Bodeker, NIWA, Lauder Private Bag 50061 Omakau Central
Otago, NZL, Tel: +64 3 4473411, Fax: +64 3 4473348, e-mail: g.bodeker@niwa.cri.nz,
and Brian Connor, NIWA, Lauder Private Bag 50061 Omakau Central Otago, NZL,
Tel: +64 3 4473411, Fax: +64 3 4473348, e-mail: b.connor@niwa.cri.nz
A03 Global Budgets of Non-CO2 Greenhouse
Gases
Increasing concentrations of gases other than carbon dioxide may contribute
substantially to global warming in the future. The key gases in this group are
methane and nitrous oxide, followed by a number of other compounds such as
sulfur hexafluoride, perfluorocarbons, and hydrofluorocarbons, and have been
included in the Kyoto Protocol. Except for methane, the budgets of the
remaining non-CO2 gases are poorly understood at present. This
session will present the current state of knowledge on these and related gases
that have a potential for causing global warming in the future because of
anthropogenic sources.
Conveners: M Khalil, Portland State University, P.O.Box 751, Portland,
OR 97207 USA, Tel: 503-725-8396, Fax: 503-725-8550, e-mail: aslam@global.phy.pdx.edu
A04 The Madden-Julian Oscillation
The Madden-Julian Oscillaiton (MJO), one of the most robust atmospheric
phenomena in the tropical western Pacific, has attracted increasing research
interest during the last decade. A session at the 2002 Western Pacific
Geophysics Meeting will provide a unique opportunity for scientists from
different countries to discuss knowledge gained recently and remaining
problems related to the MJO. The session is focused on, but is not limited to,
the dynamics and air-sea interaction of the MJO; interactions between the MJO
and the Asian summer monsoon, Australian summer monsoon, and ENSO; and
prediction and predictability of the MJO.
Conveners: Harry H Hendon, Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, 150
Lonsdale Street, Melbourne, 3000 AUS, Tel: +613 9669 4120, Fax: +61 3 9669
4660, e-mail: h.hendon@bom.gov.au, and Matthew Wheeler, Bureau of Meteorology
Research Centre, 150 Lonsdale Street, Melbourne, 3000 AUS, Tel: +61 3 9669
4068, Fax: +61 3 9669 4660, e-mail: m.wheeler@bom.gov.au
A05 Southern Pacific Geological Record of Extreme
Climates and Abrupt Climate Transitions
This session is to showcase SW Pacific and Antarctic research on extreme or
abrupt climate events and the natural processes involved in mitigation,
adaptation, and recovery. Topics to be included are terrestrial and marine
records of the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) mass extinction event, the
Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) and Early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO),
earliest Oligocene glacial maximum (EOGM), mid-Miocene greenhouse-icehouse
transition, Plio-Pleistocene glacial cycles, mid-Pleistocene climate
transition (MPT), and the last deglaciation. Themes to be explored may include
long-term disruption to biogeochemical feedback systems and Milankovitch
climate cycles by K/T boundary events; natural mitigation processes following
extreme greenhouse conditions at the PETM; regional effects of ice-sheet
instability during the mid-Miocene “doubthouse” world; long-term impact of
the MPT on regional thermohaline circulation, westerly wind strength, and
marine and terrestrial ecosystems; and abrupt climatic reversals associated
with the last deglaciation.
Conveners: Chris J Hollis, Institute of Geological and Nuclear
Sciences, 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, NZL, Tel: +64 4 570 1444, Fax: +64 4
570 4600, e-mail: C.Hollis@gns.cri.nz
A06 New Approaches for Investigating Antarctic
Cenozoic Paleoclimate
Cenozoic climate history of the Antarctic margin is of interest not only
because the cooling of the region since the Eocene “greenhouse” times has
changed the region so profoundly through ice sheet development, but also
because global temperatures by the end of this century could well be like
those of the Eocene. In the last decade, stratigraphic drilling around the
Antarctic margin has yielded new data on mid-Cenozoic history of Antarctic
climate, and in the same period global climate models have reached a state of
development where the value of high-latitude data is being recognised for
constraining the range of paleoclimate scenarios that they generate. In
addition, climate and ice sheet models are increasingly being taken into
account by Earth scientists as they develop paleoclimate models inferred from
geologic data from the Antarctic margin. This session is proposed for papers
that either present and interpret new geological data, or advances in climate
or ice sheet modeling, or elements of both, in order to improve our knowledge
and understanding of the history and behaviour of Antarctic climate in
Cenozoic times. If numbers of papers warrant more than one session, then
division by time period (e.g., Eocene-Miocene and Pliocene-Quaternary) could
be considered.
Conveners: Peter Barrett, Victoria University/Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94305-2115 NZL, Tel: 650-725 6830, Fax: 650-725 0979, e-mail:
peter.barrett@vuw.ac.nz, and Robert DeConto, University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, MA 01003 USA, Tel: 413-545-3426, Fax: 413-545-1200
A07 Tropical-Polar Interactions in Late Quaternary
Climate Change
After years of intense scrutiny, emphasis is now shifting from the North
Atlantic region to the Pacific Basin, Southern Ocean, and Antarctic in the
quest for understanding of past global climate changes. As timescales are
refined, it appears that the forcing for many such changes may lie in the
tropical Pacific and Southern Hemisphere. The Pacific region has tightly
coupled ocean-atmosphere interactions that have dominant roles in determining
global patterns of climate variability and change on various timescales (e.g.,
El Niño/Southern Oscillation and Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation).
Millennial-scale global climate variability has also been simulated by
perturbations of the Pacific Warm Pool in model studies, and estimates of
tropical SST during glacials have been recently revised. Possible leads of
over 1000 years have been demonstrated for some rapid warming events in
Antarctic records, compared with Northern Hemisphere proxies, while production
of southern-source deep water has been shown to be more variable than
previously thought. Do large-scale climate changes originate in the tropics,
which receive the bulk of the Sun’s energy, or at the poles, where climate
extremes are greatest? Once initiated, how do the changes propagate through
the ocean-atmosphere system? This symposium aims to bring together a variety
of proxy data from ocean, atmosphere, and terrestrial systems to enlarge our
understanding of the interactions between them and their contribution to
climate change during the late Quaternary.
Conveners: Barbara Manighetti, NIWA, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Wellington,
6003 NZL, Tel: +64 4 386 0300, Fax: +64 4 386 2153, e-mail: b.manighetti@niwa.cri.nz,
and Jim Salinger, NIWA, Cnr Mountain Rd & Khyber Pass Rd Newmarket,
Auckland, NZL, Tel: +64 9 375 2053, Fax: +64 9 375 2051, e-mail: J.Salinger@niwa.cri.nz
Atmospheric Sciences also presents jointly with the following
sessions:
H04 Radar Applications in Hydrology and Meteorology
H06 Long-Term Variability in the Hydrological Cycle
OS01 Climate Variability in the Indian, Pacific, and
Southern Oceans: Implications for Southern Hemisphere Nations
OS04 Space-Based Observations of Ocean-Atmosphere-Land-Ice
Interactions in the Southern Pacific and Surrounding Regions
OS05 The Antarctic Circumpolar Wave, the Antarctic
Oscillation, and Other Intrinsic Climate Signals of the Southern Ocean and
Their Links to Global Climate Variability
OS06 Cenozoic Evolution of Southern Ocean and Antarctic
Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
OS10 Biogeochemical and Ecological Interactions in the
Southern Ocean
Biogeosciences also
presents jointly with the following sessions:
A05 Southern Pacific Geological Record of Extreme Climates
and Abrupt Climate Transitions
H05 Unique Aspects of the C Cycle in Pacific Rim Nations:
Implications for the Kyoto Protocol and Sustainable Land Use
OS08 Variability in the Tropical Oceans: Physical,
Chemical, and Biological Views
Contributions relevant in any area over the full spectrum of the Hydrology may be submitted to this series of the sessions. Accepted contributions will be organized into appropriate topical sessions. More than half the papers contributed for AGU meetings will not find a home in the pre-approved sessions suggested by a variety of conveners. Papers submitted to these sessions give the program chairs an opportunity to fashion a backbone for the meeting and determine what the broad range of contributors feel is important in the section right now.
Convener: Ross
A. Woods, NIWA, Box 8602, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND, e-mail: r.woods@niwa.cri.nz
H01 Seasonal Forecasting and Stochastic Data for Managing Water
Resources Systems
Stochastic data have been used extensively in hydrology for many decades to
help quantify risks in the design and management of water resources systems.
In recent years, water resources agencies are beginning to consider the use of
seasonal climate and streamflow forecasts to help manage water resources
systems in a variable climate. The seasonal forecasts are derived by
exploiting the relationship between El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and
the hydroclimate and the serial correlation in streamflow. Reliable forecasts
can considerably benefit the management of water resources, in particular
allowing decisions on water allocation for irrigation and environmental flows
to be more realistically based. This session will discuss improved methods for
generating stochastic climate data (in particular methods that consider the
longer timescale variability associated with ENSO and parameter
uncertainties), seasonal streamflow forecasting, and the application of
stochastic data and seasonal rainfall and streamflow forecasts to help manage
water resources systems.
Conveners: Francis Chiew, CRC for Catchment Hydrology, Department of
Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC
3010 AUS, Tel: +61 3 83446644, Fax: +61 3 83446215, e-mail: fchs@civag.unimelb.edu.au,
and Sri Srikanthan, Hydrology Branch, Bureau of Meteorology, GPO Box 1289K ,
Melbourne, VIC 3001 AUS, Tel: +61 3 96694513, Fax: +61 3 96694725, e-mail: r.srikanthan@bom.gov.au
H02 Groundwater Processes in Alluvial Aquifers
Alluvial aquifers are a particularly important source of groundwater for
agriculture, industry, and households in the western Pacific region. These
aquifers often have a complex geological structure due to tectonic and
climatic influences that cause the environment of deposition to change rapidly
over geological time. This means that the structure of alluvial aquifers is
relatively poorly understood. The recharge, discharge, flow, and quality of
groundwater are also relatively poorly understood in these aquifers because of
the complexity of the aquifer structure, the natural variability of recharge,
the variability of flow in heterogeneous and anisotropic aquifers, land-use
changes, and water-rock interaction. Groundwater managers, however, often are
forced to make economically important decisions, for example, on groundwater
allocation or land use, from relatively simple models of these complex systems
without knowing the certainty limits of predictions. The session will assess
and improve our understanding of groundwater processes in alluvial aquifers.
The session will focus on the topics of aquifer evolution, groundwater
recharge and discharge, groundwater flow, groundwater quality, uncertainty,
and decision-making for these aquifers.
Conveners: Paul White, Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Wairakei
Research Centre State Highway 1 Private Bag 2000, Taupo, NZL, Tel:
+64-7-374-8211, Fax: +64-7-374-8199, e-mail: P.White@gns.cri.nz, and Mark
Milke, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Canterbury Private Bag
4800, Christchurch, NZL, Tel: +64 3 364-2248, Fax: +61 3 364-2758, e-mail:
m.milke@civil.canterbury.ac.nz
H03 Observations and Modeling of Hydrological
Processes
Innovative combinations of emerging new field observations, satellite data,
and hydrological models are widely expected to produce improved estimates of
hydrologic fluxes and energy budgets. This is particularly important if we are
to meet the growing need for accurate representation and modeling of
hydrological processes in a spatial context. For many years now, modeling
tools have been available to simulate spatially distributed hydrological
processes, but the quality of simulations and process representation has been
difficult to assess because of a lack of appropriate data. There has been
renewed interest in field measurements, aimed specifically at testing and
improving our understanding and modeling capability of spatial processes in
climates from alpine to arid, often involving the use of novel techniques. In
addition, some remote sensing techniques have reached the point where they can
provide detailed data for model testing. We invite contributions that address
the question of interactions between hydrological measurement and modeling,
across a broad spectrum of topics including water and energy fluxes and
budgets, soil moisture, runoff, streamflow, surface temperature, and water
quality. We particularly encourage papers that address new methods for
observing spatially distributed data, new techniques for modeling spatially
distributed hydrology, and new techniques for comparing models with
measurements.
Conveners: Rodger Grayson, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC 3010 AUS, Tel: +61 3
8344 7305, Fax: +61 3 8344 6215, e-mail: rodger@civag.unimelb.edu.au, and Ross
Woods, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, 10 Kyle St P O
Box 8602, Christchurch, 8004 NZL, Tel: +64-3-343-7803, Fax: +64-3-348-5548,
e-mail: r.woods@niwa.cri.nz, and Andrew Western, Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC 3010
AUS, Tel: +61 3 8344 7305, Fax: +61 3 8344 6215, e-mail: a.western@civag.unimelb.edu.au
H04 Radar Applications in Hydrology and Meteorology
Weather radar data have been used extensively over many years as a tool for
monitoring and predicting severe weather and increasingly as a means to derive
quantitative rain fields that are used in a range of hydrological
applications. To some extent, the hydrological and meteorological communities
that use weather radar data operate as "two solitudes" quite
independent of each other despite the fact that they share many common
problems. Any quantitative use of radar data is dependent on rigorous quality
control procedures. Therefore a major aim of this session is to share various
methods that are used operationally in radar quality control, as well as to
discuss new research that might lead to better quality control in the future.
This session will also discuss operational applications and new research in
the use of radar data for severe weather nowcasting and flood forecasting as
well as quantitative precipitation estimation based on conventional,
polarametric, and spaceborne radars.
Conveners: Alan Seed, Bureau of Meteorology, GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne,
VIC 3001 AUS, Tel: +61-3-9669-4591, Fax: +61-3-9669-4725, e-mail: a.seed@BoM.GOV.AU,
and Geoff Austin, Department of Physics, University of Auckland Private Bag
92019 , Auckland, NZL, Tel: +64-9-373-7599 ext 8770, Fax: +64-9-373-7445,
e-mail: g.austin@auckland.ac.nz
H05 Unique Aspects of the C Cycle in Pacific Rim
Nations: Implications for the Kyoto Protocol and Sustainable Land Use
The volcanically and tectonically active landscapes of the Pacific Rim differ
from most continental environments in ways which may be important for soil and
hydrologic aspects of the C cycle. Understanding differences between dynamic
Pacific Rim landscapes and more "stable" continental landscapes may
be important for decision-making related to the land use and land-use change
and forestry (LULUCF) provisions of the Kyoto Protocol. For instance, recent
estimates suggest that the export of terrestrial organic C to the ocean via
New Zealand rivers is equal to approximately half or more of New Zealand's
fossil fuel C emissions. Noting that the Kyoto Protocol encourages changes in
land use to mitigate CO2 emissions which improve sustainability and
biodiversity, significant scientific opportunities exist for (1)
characterizing C stocks and flows in the soils and waters of Pacific Rim
landscapes and (2) examining potential LULUCF scenarios in tectonically active
or volcanic landscapes for both C sequestration potential and sustainability.
Important topics may include erosion, distance from C source to C sink,
dissolved organic matter, the fate of terrestrial C in the marine environment,
soil C dynamics in volcanic soils, and non-CO2 greenhouse gas
emissions from terrestrially derived organic matter.
Conveners: Troy Baisden, Landcare Research - Manaaki Whenua, Cnr
University Ave. & Riddet Road Massey University Campus Private Bag 11 052
, Palmerston North, NZL, Tel: +64-6 356 7154, Fax: +64-6 355 9230, e-mail:
baisdent@landcare.cri.nz, and Durelle Scott, Landcare Research - Manaaki
Whenua, Cnr University Ave. & Riddet Road Massey University Campus Private
Bag 11 052 , Palmerston North, NZL, Tel: +64-6 356 7154, Fax: +64-6 355 9230,
e-mail: scottd@landcare.cri.nz
H06 Long-Term Variability in the Hydrological Cycle
The hydrology of Asian and Pacific Rim regions is notable for the pervasive
but variable influence of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation phenomenon. Other
longer-term variations have been identified in multidisciplinary studies; for
example, the variability of the numbers of spawning salmon returning to rivers
in the Pacific coast of North America has led to identification of a
"Pacific Decadal Oscillation." This session will provide a forum to
present recent work on the long-term variability of components of the
hydrological cycle in Pacific Rim regions, the linkage with ENSO and other
phenomena that vary on seasonal to decadal scales, and the implications of the
variability for flood and drought hazard management, for economic risk for
water resource developments and energy generation, and for impacts on
ecosystems.
Conveners: Alistair I McKerchar, National Institute of Water and
Atmospheric Research, 10 Kyle St PO Box 8602, Christchurch, 8004 NZL, Tel: +64
3 348 8987, Fax: +64 3 348 5548, e-mail: a.mckerchar@niwa.cri.nz, and Akira
Kawamura, Institute of Environmental Systems, Kyushu University 6-10-1
Hakozaki Higashi-ku , Fukuoka, 812-8581 JPN, Tel: +81 92 642 3296, Fax: +81 92
642 3296, e-mail: kawamura@civil.kyushu-u.ac.jp
Hydrology also presents
jointly with the following sessions:
SE09 (T) Fluid Redistribution Processes Along Active Plate
Boundaries
SE23 (V)
Volcano-Hydrologic Processes, Deposits, and Hazards on the Pacific Rim
Ocean Sciences
Contributions relevant in any area over the full spectrum of the Ocean Sciences may be submitted to this series of the sessions. Accepted contributions will be organized into appropriate topical sessions. More than half the papers contributed for AGU meetings will not find a home in the pre-approved sessions suggested by a variety of conveners. Papers submitted to these sessions give the program chairs an opportunity to fashion a backbone for the meeting and determine what the broad range of contributors feel is important in the section right now.
Convener: Scott
A. Condie, CSIRO Marine Laboratories, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS 7001,
AUSTRALIA, e-mail: Scott.Condie@marine.csiro.au
OS01 Climate Variability in the Indian, Pacific, and Southern Oceans:
Implications for Southern Hemisphere Nations
Oceanic climate variability has well-documented impacts over the Southern
Hemisphere ranging from interannual to interdecadal. The El Nino/Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is associated with excessive rainfall, severe
drought, and tropical storm frequency in regions along the rim countries of
the tropical Pacific. Interactions between the tropical Pacific and Southern
Hemisphere oceans via oceanic links may play an important role in decadal
climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere. For example, possible links
may exist between ENSO and the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave, a high-latitude
phenomena. This session will focus on a better description of interannual and
longer ocean variability in this region and on the impacts of this oceanic
variability on Southern Hemisphere climate. Papers that describe and address
potential mechanisms of interannual to decadal climate variability and its
resultant impacts on climate are solicited for this session. Observational,
modeling, and analysis studies of regional phenomena such as Pacific and
Indian Ocean interannual and decadal variability and Southern Ocean climate
variability are encouraged.
Conveners: Susan Wijffels, CSIRO Marine Research, AUS, e-mail:
susan.wijffels@csiro.au, and Andreas Schiller, CSIRO Marine Research, AUS,
e-mail: andreas.schiller@csiro.au
OS02 Circulation in the Southeast Asian Seas and Its
Connection to the Pacific and Indian Oceans
The Southeast Asian Seas (SEAS) form an important system, which regulates the
Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) connecting the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
Insufficient observations of the SEAS have limited our ability to apportion
the ITF among the major straits within the SEAS. Models have suggested that a
coupled hydrodynamic process links the South China Sea, Sulu Sea, Java Sea,
and Timor Sea. Significant observational evidence is also starting to emerge
as a consequence of both national and international programs. This session
will address the oceanography of the SEAS and their relationship to the ITF.
Conveners: Dongxiao Wang, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CHN,
e-mail: dxwang@scsio.ac.cn
OS03 North Pacific Ocean Circulation: Observations
and Impacts
With the completion of the WOCE and SAGE observational and analysis phases,
our knowledge of the general circulation of the North Pacific Ocean has
increased significantly over the past decade. Accumulation of in situ and
satellite data has stimulated many new theoretical, modeling, and data
assimilation studies focusing on various aspects of the Pacific circulation.
This session covers issues of the North Pacific circulation on various spatial
and temporal scales, its links to the equatorial/South Pacific circulations,
and its impact on climate.
Conveners: Bo Qiu, University of Hawaii, USA, e-mail: bo@soest.hawaii.edu,
and Ichiro Ichiro Yasuda, University of Tokyo, JPN, e-mail: ichiro@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
OS04 Space-Based Observations of
Ocean-Atmosphere-Land-Ice Interactions in the Southern Pacific and Surrounding
Regions
Measurements from merchant ships and weather stations are sparse in the
tropical and southern Pacific, particularly in the hostile environment around
Antarctica. However, space-based sensors provide information on climate
variability and the influence of the ocean on land and ice. Radar
scatterometers, synthetic aperture radars, and microwave radiometers promise
useful measurements over ocean, land, and ice, under clear and cloudy
conditions, night and day. Relationships between ocean and continental
rainfall, between ocean and polar ice extent, between land-discharge and
coastal ecology, between topographic winds and ocean circulation, and between
tropical and high-latitude changes, have been observed over a wide spectrum of
timescales. Research results on ocean, atmosphere, land, and ice interactions
around the tropical and southern Pacific using space-based data are most
welcome in this session.
Conveners: Xiaojun Yuan, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia
University, USA, e-mail: xyuan@ldeo.columbia.edu, and Timothy Liu, Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA, e-mail: liu@pacific.jpl.nasa.gov
OS05 The Antarctic Circumpolar Wave, the Antarctic
Oscillation, and Other Intrinsic Climate Signals of the Southern Ocean and
Their Links to Global Climate Variability
The extratropical Southern Hemisphere has at least four intrinsic modes of
year-to-year climate variability in the ocean-atmosphere-cryosphere-terrestrial
system. There is the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) in SLP anomalies; the
Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW) in covarying SLP and SST anomalies; the
Southern Ocean meridional overturning cell (SOMOC) in subsurface oceanic
circulation; and the Southern Ocean Forced Climate Change (SOFCC) occurring in
response to stratosphere ozone depletion over Antarctica. Each of these modes
has been demonstrated to have an influence on global climate variability, and
they, in turn, have been shown to be influenced by modes of variability
intrinsic to the tropical ocean-atmosphere-terrestrial system (e.g., the TBO
and ENSO). Furthermore, these intrinsic modes of variability have been shown
to have a significant infuence on the flora and fauna of the Southern Ocean,
including human societal development over the adjacent continents. We
encourage submission of papers which can elucidate the physics of these
phenomena and which examine their biological and human societal connections,
urging researchers to propose additional intrinsic modes of climate
variability for the Southern Ocean.
Conveners: Peter Baines, CSIRO Atmospheric Research, AUS, e-mail:
peter.baines@csiro.au, and Warren White, University of California San Diego,
USA, e-mail: wbwhite@ucsd.edu
OS06 Cenozoic Evolution of Southern Ocean and
Antarctic Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
Recent coring and drilling initiatives in the Southern Ocean and on the
Antarctic continent have yielded a wealth of sediment records that address
important questions about the paleoclimatic and cyospheric evolution of the
middle- to high-latitude Southern Hemisphere. Recent ODP legs (e.g., 177, 181,
188, and 189), IMAGES cruises, and coring expeditions aboard the N.B. Palmer,
Polarstern, Tangaroa, and Sonne, all recovered sections
with resolutions that range from decadal scale up to tectonic timescales, and
from open-ocean as well as continental margin environments. This session aims
to bring together new results and insights into the dynamics and interplay
among ice sheets, tectonic change, oceanography, and atmospheric circulation
in the Cenozoic Southern Hemisphere, with particular emphasis on the Pacific
and Indian Sectors.
Conveners: William Howard, University of Tasmania, AUS, e-mail:
Will.Howard@utas.edu.au, and Gerrit van der Lingen, University of Canterbury,
NZL, e-mail: g.vanderlingen@geol.canterbury.ac.nz, and Kerry Swanson,
University of Canterbury, NZL, e-mail: k.swanson@geol.canterbury.ac.nz
OS07 Data Portals and Distributed Data Distribution
Systems
There is significant interest among the curators of major in situ data
collections in maximizing the availability and usability of those collections,
and there is an upwelling of interest in the scientific research community as
well as in interdisciplinary communities in accessing data without visiting
and navigating numerous disparate Web sites. The need for modern, integrated,
networked climate data management and access is widely recognized, and the
need for ocean information is similar to the need for weather information.
Unlike weather information, however, a considerable fraction of the existing
ocean observations is funded, managed, and utilized by many different groups,
agencies, institutions, and individuals. Thus a key issue for the ocean
observing system is integration of disparate observational systems and data
sets to maximize their utility for many users and purposes. This proposed
session will explore the utilization of different tools and technologies for
accessing distributed databases, with an emphasis on those that employ
interactive and collaborative capabilities.
Conveners: Nancy Soreide, NOAA, USA, e-mail: nns@pmel.noaa.gov, and
Bernard Kilonsky, University of Hawaii, USA, e-mail: kilonsky@hawaii.edu
OS08 Variability in the Tropical Oceans: Physical,
Chemical, and Biological Views
Tropical ocean has been known as a key region for strong air-sea interactions
of the physical and chemical properties. Biological processes are also very
active in the equatorial upwelling and coastal regions. After the enthusiastic
TOGA period, studies on the tropical oceanography diverged into various topics
of wide spectra in timescales and space scales. At the same time,
interdisciplinary studies have raised interesting issues on the interactions
between the physical, chemical, and biological processes. To understand
further the variability in the tropical ocean as a system of complicated
interaction among the three components, it is necessary not only to understand
deeply each component of the coupled system but also to facilitate mutual
interactions of the ideas in the different fields. This session invites
physical, chemical, and biological studies on the annual mean and its
variability in the tropical regions on intraseasonal to interannual
timescales, such as instability waves, ENSO, and decadal variations. Modeling
and observational studies of all aspects on the variability in the tropical
regions relevant to the ocean dynamics and the material circulations,
including but not limited to the currents and the tracer variability, primary
production, uptake of the chemical materials, and carbon cycle, are
appropriate.
Conveners: Yukio Masumoto, University of Tokyo, JPN, e-mail: masumoto@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp,
and Hodaka Kawahata, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and
Technology, JPN, e-mail: h.kawahata@aist.go.jp
OS09 Tsunami, Storm Surge, Relative Sea Level, and
Coastal Change
The Pacific Rim is characterised by seismic activity and noted for major
landslides, including those with submarine origins and from oceanic island
coasts. The consequences of these events have often led to major tsunami
affecting the shores of the Pacific Ocean. Much of the Pacific coast is also
open to tropical cyclones and other large storms. Distinction of palaeotsunami
sedimentary sequences from those of storm surges, especially with poor, and
often only localised, preservation of material, is an important issue that has
only received a reasonable amount of attention in the last decade.
Furthermore, there are examples of apparently excellent preservation of
beaches raised by tectonic activity that have been, subsequent to their
uplift, inundated by a tsunami generated by the same event and yet remain, to
all intents and purposes, intact. It is important to examine the wave
characteristics for such cases. What can this tell us about the record of what
has happened to a coast? Equally, how does this compare with the nature of
modification to coastal zones that are down-thrown by fault movement and
affected by similar events? How may numerical modeling help to identify areas
of resonance and amplification of waves for the determination of hazard zones?
Papers are sought, under this session, which address these issues, from
historical, sedimentary, and modeling studies.
Conveners: Anne Hinton, University of Waikato, Department of Earth
Sciences Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, NZL, e-mail: anne_hinton@email.com, and Willem de
Lange, University of Waikato, Department of Earth Sciences Private Bag 3105,
Hamilton, NZL, e-mail: w.delange@waikato.ac.nz
OS10 Biogeochemical and Ecological Interactions in
the Southern Ocean
The importance of the Southern Ocean and the role of biological systems in
mediating global climate are widely recognized. The Southern Ocean is
dissected by several concentric meridional fronts, extending from the
Subtropical Front to the Southern Front of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
These fronts separate extensive oceanic areas, each with their own
distinctive, though relatively homogeneous physical and biological properties.
Frontal dynamics and the interactions of western boundary currents with
continental landmasses that extend into the Southern Ocean (e.g., southern
Africa, South America, New Zealand, and Australia) impact nutrient cycling and
marine ecosystem functioning on regional scales in both the pelagic and
benthic realms. The session seeks to highlight and foster closer interactions
between physical and biological oceanographers working in the dynamic Southern
Ocean to improve our current understanding regarding the importance of this
region to global carbon budgets and the possible impact of future climate
change. Presentations of results from multidisciplinary and modeling studies
of Southern Ocean ecosystem structure and functioning, benthic-pelagic
coupling, and biophysical interactions are encouraged.
Conveners: Scott Nodder, NIWA, 310 Evans Bay Parade Kilbirnie, Wellington, 6003 NZL, Tel: +64 4 386 0357, Fax: +64 4 386 2153, e-mail: s.nodder@niwa.cri.nz, and William Froneman, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94 , Grahamstown, 6140 ZAF, e-mail: w.froneman@ru.ac.za
Ocean Sciences also
presents jointly with the following sessions:
A01 SOLAS: Surface Ocean¾Lower
Atmosphere Studies
A07 Tropical-Polar Interactions in Late Quaternary Climate Change
SE04
The Caroline Plate and Its Boundaries: New Constraints From Observations and Modeling
Space Physics and Planetary Sciences
Contributions relevant in any area over the full spectrum of the Space Physics and Planetary Sciences may be submitted to this series of the sessions. Accepted contributions will be organized into appropriate topical sessions. More than half the papers contributed for AGU meetings will not find a home in the pre-approved sessions suggested by a variety of conveners. Papers submitted to these sessions give the program chairs an opportunity to fashion a backbone for the meeting and determine what the broad range of contributors feel is important in the section right now.
Convener: Peter
L. Dyson, LaTrobe University, Department of Physics, Room 403, PS1 Building,
Bundoora, VIC 3083, AUSTRALIA, e-mail: p.dyson@latrobe.edu.au
SA01 Relativistic Electron Dynamics: Focus on Losses
An increasing number of in situ observations of the relativistic electron
radiation belts from missions such as POLAR, GEOTAIL, Akebono, EXOS-D, SAMPEX,
GPS, Los Alamos Geosynchronous Satellites, and HEO have lead to a revival of
interest in understanding the transport, acceleration, and loss mechanisms
governing the dynamics of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belts.
Because of their potentially damaging effects on spacecraft and on humans in
space, detailed understanding of the dynamics of these particles is clearly of
interest for space weather applications. However, many details relating to the
rapid timescales of both relativistic electron loss and enhancement have not
yet been fully explained. For example, one of the problems of characterizing
relativistic electron enhancements observed during the recovery phase of
magnetic storms is the definition of a "starting point" to the
enhancement. Also, recent work has shown that strong losses of relativistic
electrons are common during the storm main phase and that prestorm and
poststorm flux levels of relativistic electrons are not well correlated. It
seems that the poststorm flux levels are determined by strong competition
between loss and transport/acceleration mechanisms. Without a detailed
understanding of the loss mechanisms it will be impossible to fully understand
the observed enhancements or lack thereof. This session welcomes presentations
on observational and theoretical work on relativistic electron dynamics in the
inner magnetosphere with focus on losses. We encourage in particular
ground-based or balloon-based observations of relativistic electron
precipitation events around storm main phase and studies which compare the
effects of loss processes with competing transport and acceleration processes.
Conveners: Reiner Friedel, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space &
Remote Sensing Sciences NIS-2 MS-D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA, Tel: +1 505
665-1936, Fax: +1 505 665-4414, e-mail: friedel@lanl.gov, and Anthony Chan,
Rice University, Dept Space Physics & Astronomy POB 1892, Houston, TX
77251-1892 USA, Tel: +1 713 348-2531, Fax: +1 713 348-5143, e-mail:
anthony-chan@rice.edu, and Takahiro Obara, Space Simulator Group CRL, CRL,
4-2-1, Nukuikita, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8795 JPN, Tel: +81 42 327-6431, Fax: +81
42 327-6661, e-mail: T.Obara@crl.go.jp, and Craig J Rodger, University of
Otago, Department of Physics University of Otago, Dunedin, NZL, Tel: +64 3
479-7761, Fax: +64 3 479-0964, e-mail: crodger@physics.otago.ac.nz
SA02 Exploring the Near-Earth Environment With Radar
Ground-based radars are used extensively to study the Earth's atmosphere and
ionosphere. Scattering off neutral air irregularities is used to measure winds
and turbulence in the mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere by MST radars.
HF and VHF radars using ionospheric reflections or scatter from electron
density irregularities are used to derive the structure and dynamics of the
ionosphere from low to high latitudes. Meteor trail echoes are used to derive
atmospheric parameters, but echoes from meteors and space debris are of great
interest in themselves. Applying incoherent scatter theory to backscatter from
powerful radars provides precise measurements of space plasma parameters. All
these systems give long-term and often highly detailed temporal and spatial
measurements of the atmospheric and space environment and thereby are
important detectors of space weather effects. Radars have played and are
playing important roles on spacecraft as well. We solicit papers describing
results from radar studies as well as technical advances in radar hardware and
software. We especially encourage papers emphasizing the use of radar for
monitoring or predicting the impacts of space weather. Radar has a long
history in Australasia, and papers describing the historical aspects of radars
in the Pacific region are also expected.
Conveners: Michael Rietveld, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Aeronomie,
Katlenburg-Lindau, 37191 DEU, Tel: +49 5556 979 234, Fax: +49 5556 979 240,
e-mail: rietveld@linmpi.mpg.de, and Murray L Parkinson, La Trobe University,
Department of Physics La Trobe University VIC , 3086 AUS, Tel: +61 3 9479
1433, Fax: +61 3 9479 1552, e-mail: m.parkinson@latrobe.edu.au, and Natsuo
Sato, Natsuo Sato, National Institute of Polar Research, 1-9-10,
Kaga,Itabashi-ku , Tokyo, 173-8515 JPN, T, 1-9-10, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo,
173-8515 JPN, Tel: +81-3-3962-5874, Fax: +81-3-3962-5874, e-mail: nsato@nipr.ac.jp
SA03 Space Weather Prediction: Lessons Learned From
Mission-Oriented Theory
Mission-oriented theory has progressed from being an adjunct to data analysis
toward providing a multiscale framework which can greatly expand the utility
of spacecraft and associated ground-based observations. On global scales, from
the International Solar Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) Program, mission-oriented
theory has shown that it is possible to predict in detail the global response
of the Earth's coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere system to
variations in solar input using only a relatively sparse set of spacecraft
observations as input. The simulations that have resulted from this effort are
now viewed as providing the framework for future space weather predictive work
as well as being essential to future spaceflight programs directed toward
better understanding space weather. These future mission lines include both
applied (NASA's Living with a Star program) and fundamental physics (NASA's
Solar Terrestrial Probe's Line). Similarly, at smaller scales using Cluster II
observations, major advances are also being made with mission-oriented theory
toward a predictive understanding of the dynamics of the magnetosphere at
previously inaccessible scales. These results also have profound implications
for future space weather missions. This session will provide an overview of
the successes of mission-oriented theory today as viewed from the perspective
of several spaceflight missions. It will also outline the expectations from
upcoming missions which will use the more advanced mission-oriented theory
tools now being developed.
Conveners: Steven Curtis, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center Code 695, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel:
301-286-9188, Fax: 301-286-1683, e-mail: steven.curtis@gsfc.nasa.gov, and
Alain Roux, CNET CRPE, 38, 40 General Leclerc, Issy Le Moulineaux, 92131 FRA,
Tel: +33-145294415
SA04 Space Weather Threats to Human Technology: The
International Space Weather Program
Adverse space weather is one of the principal threats to human technology in
space and on the Earth’s surface. Extreme solar, geomagnetic, and solar wind
conditions can be observed by an impressive array of international satellites
and ground-based sensors. Multiple coronal mass ejections, large solar flares,
and high-speed solar wind streams have led to powerful sequences of solar wind
drivers of magnetospheric processes on Earth. The combination of solar wind
disturbances can produce deep, powerful, and long-lasting enhancement of the
highly relativistic electron populations throughout the outer terrestrial
radiation zone, and major geomagnetic storms can also result. High-energy
protons and heavier ions arriving in near-Earth space can damage satellite
solar power panels, confuse optical trackers, and deposit harmful charges into
sensitive components. Magnetopause compressions may disorient GEO satellites
as they reverse the ambient magnetic field. The Solar and Heliospheric
Observatory (SOHO) has collected impressive images of solar eruptions
spreading out into space. Japan's Yohkoh satellite and NASA's TRACE
(Transition Region and Coronal Explorer) satellite have also recorded images
of these disturbances. At geostationary altitude, NOAA's GOES 8, 9, and 12
satellites measure solar X-ray flare emissions and monitor the influx of
energetic electrons, protons, and heavier ions into the magnetosphere. They
also record magnetic storms in space as a complement to magnetograms recorded
at ground observatories. The STEP-Results, Applications, and Modeling Phase
(S-RAMP) Program of SCOSTEP has designated Special Analysis intervals. Running
from 1998 to 2002, S-RAMP consolidates and integrates results from many
programs and campaigns. The Solar-Terrestrial Energy Program (STEP) ran from
1990 to 1997, and was a precursor of the current space weather programs in the
United States and other countries. STEP was an integrated effort to study
activity on the Sun, propagation of energy bursts from the Sun to near-Earth
space, energy coupling into the magnetosphere, and its redistribution and
deposition in the upper and middle atmosphere. Satellites in orbit, astronauts
in space, and Earth's surface technology are affected by such events. This
session will build on S-RAMP and other international space weather program
results to discuss the major issues relating to space weather. It will also
discuss proposed solutions to these problems. The session will consist of
invited talks and contributed presentations in areas relevant to space
weather.
Conveners: Daniel N Baker, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space
Physics, Campus Box 590 University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Tel:
303-492-4509, Fax: 303-492-6444, e-mail: Dan.Baker@lasp.colorado.edu, and R
Fujii, STELab, JPN, and J-S Guo, CSSAR, CHN
SA05 Planetary Aeronomy and Space Physics
There have been many major advances in planetary aeronomy and space physics
because of the successful operations of several spacecraft in planetary
systems (i.e., the Galileo project and the new wave of missions to Mars) and
comets and asteroids (i.e., NEAR to asteroid 433 Eros and Deep Space 1 to
comet Borrelly). The observations by ground-based telescopes and spaceborne
facilities have also introduced many exciting new results. This session will
provide a forum for the discussions of most recent results in individual
topics as well as the comparative study of analogous processes in different
systems.
Conveners: Wing IP, Institute of Space Science National Central
University, Chung-Li, 320 TWN, Tel: +886 3 4254314, Fax: +886 3 4221210,
e-mail: wingip@astro.ncu.edu.tw, and Andrew F Nagy, University of Michigan,
Dept. Of Atm. Ocean. and Space Sci. U. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA,
Tel: 734-764-6592, Fax: 734-647-3083, e-mail: anagy@umich.edu
SA06 The Dynamics of the Mesosphere, Lower
Thermosphere Region
Winds, gravity waves, tides, other planetary-scale waves, instabilities, and
diffusive processes all contribute to the dynamical state of the mesosphere,
lower thermosphere (MLT) region. Significant advances have been made in each
of these areas in recent years, but more remains to be done. This session
provides an opportunity to review these advances, to present new results
pertaining to the dynamics of the MLT region (both theory/modeling and
experimental), and to discuss new or unresolved issues. Processes occurring at
all scales are of interest to this session, ranging from global scales down to
small-scale waves and turbulence. Papers focusing on the effects of dynamics
on minor species distributions and airglow emissions are also of interest.
Conveners: Michael P Hickey, Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Clemson University, 308 Kinard Laboratory, Clemson, SC 29634-0978 USA, Tel:
+1-864-656-427, e-mail: hickey@hubcap.clemson.edu, and Robert A Vincent,
Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, AUS, e-mail: robert.vincent@adelaide.edu.au
SA07 Extrasolar Planets
This session will be devoted to current and planned studies of extrasolar
planets, both observational and theoretical, and also to comparison of
existing results with the known properties of our solar system. Implications
for planet formation mechanisms and the abundance of habitable planets will
also be included.
Conveners: Philip Yock, Auckland University, NZL, Tel: +64 9 3737599
Ext 6838, Fax: +64 9 3082377, e-mail: p.yock@auckland.ac.nz, and Denis
Sullivan, Victoria University, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
Victoria University of Wellington PO Box 600, Wellington, NZL, Tel: +64 04 463
5962, Fax: +64 04 463 4237, e-mail: denis.sullivan@vuw.ac.nz
SA08 Radio Location of Lightning: ULF to UHF
This session will cover lightning location using passive radio measurement of
amplitude and phase of one or more EM components at one or more antenna
locations, usually over a frequency range of a few octaves in the nine decade
frequency range from 3 Hz to 3 GHz. This includes passive direction finding
and ranging but not radar (active direction and ranging) or optical location.
Papers reporting long-range (up to global) methods and results for research
and commercial use are particularly welcome.
Conveners: Richard Dowden, LF*EM Research, 17 Dunedin/Wtt Highway ,
Pine Hill, 9001 NZL, Tel: +64 3 473 0521, Fax: +64 3 473 0526, e-mail: dowden@physics.otago.ac.nz,
and Martin Fuellekrug, Inst. f. Met. & Geophys., Feldbergstr.47
Universitaet Frankfurt/Main , Frankfurt/Main, D-60323 DEU, Tel: +49
(69)798-23959, Fax: +49 (69)798-23280, e-mail: fuellekr@geophysik.uni-frankfurt.de
SA09 Observing Earth's Ionosphere/Thermosphere
System: New Techniques, New Facilities, and New Results
This session will be devoted to recent studies of terrestrial aeronomic
processes. Papers are invited on all relevant topics, but those on the
thermosphere, thermosphere-ionosphere coupling, airglow, and aurora are
particularly welcome.
Conveners: Mark Conde, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Geophysical
Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AL 99701 USA, Tel: 907
474 7347, e-mail: Mark.Conde@gi.alaska.edu, and Pene Greet, National Institute
of Water and Atmospheric Research, PO Box 14901 Kilbirnie, Wellington, NZL,
Tel: +64 4565 1904, e-mail: pene.greet@zfree.co.nz
SA10 Imaging the Magnetosphere and Plasmasphere
This session will take advantage of new techniques and instrumentation
recently become available to probe the low energy plasma environment of the
magnetosphere/plasmasphere system and associated boundary regions, including
the magnetopause, the plasmapause, and the high-latitude cusp regions. The
magnetosphere is a dynamic region where magnetic reconnection controls the
energy budget and whose state depends on the solar wind and the interplanetary
field. As a consequence it is rarely in a state of equilibrium. In order to
improve our understanding of the dynamics of the magnetosphere/plasmasphere
region we need to employ new and novel remote sensing techniques utilising
both spacecraft and ground-based instrumentation. Examples include results
from the IMAGE and CLUSTER spacecraft and ground-based ULF and VLF plasma wave
diagnostics. Specific topics to be covered include new results from the IMAGE
spacecraft; new results from the CLUSTER spacecraft; remote sensing using
radio waves, VLF/ELF waves, and other imaging techniques; the use of ULF
hydromagnetic waves in diagnostics; modeling of the plasma environment; the
role of wave-particle interaction; geomagnetic storm and substorm effects. The session will concentrate on
presentations on the above topics but welcomes other papers relevant to the
magnetosphere/plasmasphere.
Conveners: Brian J Fraser, The University of Newcastle, Space Physics
Group CRC for Satellite Systems School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Department of Physics The University of Newcastle University Drive , Callaghan
NSW, 2308 AUS, Tel: +61 2 4921 5445, Fax: +61 2 4921 6907, e-mail: phbjf@cc.newcastle.edu.au,
and Mark Moldwin, UCLA, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics
Department of Earth and Space Sciences , Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567 USA, Tel:
310-825-5556, Fax: 310-206-3051, e-mail: mmoldwin@ucla.edu
SA11 Time-Variable Phenomena in Solar System Objects
The advanced ground-based facilities and space missions to planetary bodies
have recently revealed a number of tantalizing phenomena which occurred at
different timescales. These include the flare-like effect of the Jovian
auroral emission detected by HST, the volcanic activity of Io, the energetic
particle bursts observed by the Galileo spacecraft in the Jovian
magnetosphere, the transient events of Mercury's sodium cloud, and the breakup
of the nucleus of Comet C/1999 S4 (LINEAR) and are just a small sample of the
many interesting results enabled by long-term monitoring measurements. The
time is ripe for the formulation of new insights to the basic processes
controlling the dynamical behaviours and structures of the complex system
called the solar system. This session will provide a forum for in-depth
discussions of significant new results and the planning of joint observations
and data mining efforts among different research groups.
Conveners: Wing Ip, Institute of Astronomy, National Central
University, Chung-Li, 320 TWN, Tel: +886- 3-4254314, Fax: +886-3-4221210,
e-mail: wingip@astro.ncu.edu.tw, and Tatsuki Ogino, Nagoya University, JPN
SA12 Solar System Plasma Waves and Radio Emissions
High time and frequency resolution data from numerous current space missions
(e.g., Cluster II, IMAGE, Cassini, FAST, Galileo, Geotail, Hubble, Polar,
Wind, and rockets) and ground-based radio, UV (Hubble Space Telescope), and IR
observatories have provided evidence for new phenomena as well as new tests
and reasons to revise existing models of waves and radio emissions in space.
Plasma waves, and to a lesser extent radio emissions, also provide evidence
for wave-particle interactions such as heating and particle acceleration that
may have important nonlocal consequences, or imply the presence of free energy
in the particle distributions. This session will focus on theoretical,
simulation, observational, and comparative studies that address the growth and
consequences of plasma waves and radio emissions, as well as the implications
for the source plasma. Papers on solar and interplanetary radio bursts,
magnetospheric and auroral emissions near Earth, Jupiter, and the other
planets, ionospheric emissions, and the outer heliosphere are particularly
welcome. Special foci will include Jovian magnetospheric UV and IR emissions
and Cassini's Jupiter flyby.
Conveners: Iver H Cairns, University of Sydney, School of Physics
University of Sydney NSW, 2006 AUS, Tel: +61-2-9351-3779, Fax:
+61-2-9351-7726, e-mail: cairns@physics.usyd.edu.au, and Hans O Rucker, Space
Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute,
Austrian Academy of Sciences Schmiedlstrasse 6, Graz, A-8042 AUS, Tel:
+43-316-4120-601, Fax: +43-316-4120-690, e-mail: helmut.rucker@oeaw.ac.at, and
H Kojima, Kyoto University, RASC Kyoto University, Uji, JPN, Tel:
+81-774-38-3816, Fax: +81-774-38-3816, e-mail: kojima@kurasc.kyoto-u.ac.jp,
and T D Carr, University of Florida, Department of Astronomy University of
Florida, Gainseville, FL 32611 USA, Tel: +1-352-392-2066, Fax:
+1-352-392-5089, e-mail: carr@astro.ufl.edu
SA13 Space Weather: Physics of the
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System
This session will focus on space weather manifestations in the
magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) system. In this system, primary elements that
must be configured to form a globally self-consistent system are convection
flows in the magnetosphere and the ionosphere, field-aligned current systems,
ionospheric currents, energy conversion processes, and plasma population
regimes. Understanding these phenomena is essential to understanding storm and
substorm behaviour and the production of enhanced convection under southward
IMF conditions. Experimental papers from globally coordinated observations as
well as theoretical papers from global simulations are solicited on the
investigation of the global configuration of convection and models of
substorms, including the debate for reconnection or nonreconnection onsets.
Conveners: Takashi Kikuchi, Communications Research Laboratory, 4-2-1,
Nukui-Kitamachi Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8795 JPN, Tel: +81-42-327-7526, Fax:
+81-42-327-6676, e-mail: kikuchi@crl.go.jp, and Tatsuki Ogino,
Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 3-13, Honohara,
Toyokawa, 442-8507 JPN, Tel: +81-533-89-5184, Fax: +81-533-86-0811, e-mail:
ogino@stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Sections G, GP, S, T, and VGP have listed all sessions under Solid Earth (SE) for this meeting. The session designations are written, for example, as SE02 (T,G,S) indicating that the primary focus is Tectonophysics (T), and that the session is also of interest to Geodesy (G) and Seismology (S).
SE00 General Contributions
Contributions relevant in any area over the full spectrum of the Solid Earth may be submitted to this series of the sessions. Accepted contributions will be organized into appropriate topical sessions. More than half the papers contributed for AGU meetings will not find a home in the pre-approved sessions suggested by a variety of conveners. Papers submitted to these sessions give the program chairs an opportunity to fashion a backbone for the meeting and determine what the broad range of contributors feel is important in the section right now.
Convener: John R. Beavan, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, P.O. Box 30-368, Lower Hutt 6009
NEW ZEALAND, e-mail: j.beavan@gns.cri.nz
SE01 (T,V) Tectonism, Magmatism, and Kinematics of the SW Pacific
Between New Zealand and New Guinea: Late Cretaceous to Early Neogene
This session aims to address new knowledge of the Southwest Pacific from New Zealand
and New Caledonia to Fiji to New Guinea from the time of Gondwanaland break-up to the
Vityaz arc to the first appearance of the presently active subduction zones and back-arc basins.
It will be a forum for presentation and comparison of new marine geological and geophysical
results and recent studies of basement geology, obduction, tectonism, magmatism, arc and
back-arc evolution in this large, poorly known region of remnant arcs and continental fragments.
The session is not intended to include the active plate boundary; the focus is on the pre-Pliocene
evolution of the SW Pacific, particularly in the light of new data.
Conveners: Rick Herzer, GNS, Inst. of Geological and Nuclear Sciences
Gracefield Research Centre 41 Bell Road South, Lower Hutt, NZL, Tel: +64 4 570
4842, Fax: +64 4 570 4603, e-mail: r.herzer@gns.cri.nz, R Dietmar Mueller,
University of Sydney, Edgeworth David Building F05 School of Geosciences
University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 AUS, Tel: +61 2 9351 2003, Fax: +61 2
9351 0184, e-mail: dietmar@es.usyd.edu.au, and Philippa Black, Geology Dept,
Auckland University, First Floor, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, NZL,
Tel:64 9 373 7599 ext 7560, Fax: 64 9 373 7435, e-mail: pm.black@auckland.ac.nz
SE02 (T,G,S) Geodynamics of Transpressional Plate
Boundaries: Fiordland, Southern Alps, and Beyond
South Island, New Zealand,
provides extraordinary examples of the complexity possible in the geodynamic
response of the lithosphere to transpressional tectonics along plate
boundaries. Variations in this response between the Fiordland oblique
subduction and Southern Alps compressional translation demonstrate that
similar kinematics can produce diverse tectonics. Similar complexities are
observed along other transpressional plate boundaries globally. This session
invites contributions related to the lithospheric response to transpressional
plate boundary interactions. Observational, theoretical, and modeling studies
are encouraged. We are particularly interested in developing sessions that
allow comparing the tectonic response of South Island orogens with global
analogs.
Conveners: Kevin P. Furlong, Penn State University, Dept. Geosciences,
Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA, e-mail: kevin@geodyn.
psu.edu, and Rocco Malservisi, Penn State University, Dept. Geosciences, Penn
State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, e-mail: rocco@geodyn.
psu.edu
SE03 (G,T,S) Geodynamics and Neotectonics of the
Active Oceanic-Continental Plate Collision in the Island of Papua New Guinea (PNG
and Irian Jaya)
The island of Papua New Guinea sensu lato lies along the leading edge of the
Australian Plate, which is interacting with the Pacific Plate to produce a
complex array of active oceanic to intracontinental extensional basins through
seafloor spreading, post-Pliocene compressive deformation and rapid shortening
(rates as great as 50 mm per year) and uplift (of the order of 7¾8
mm per year) to produce 4000-m-high mountains, and production of back-arc
basins through subduction-zone rollback. The close proximity of such disparate
tectonic settings alone has profound implications for modeling past orogenic
episodes; the study of the geodynamics, neotectonics, and general geology of
this classic region contains lessons for all interested in the evolution of
transpressive collisional terranes. The session would consider papers from the
geophysical and geological disciplines to provide a synthesis of work leading
to enhanced understanding of the processes occuring during transpressive plate
interaction. The conveners would seek to have the papers presented at this
session published in a relevant international journal, to be produced as a
special thematic issue.
Conveners: Robert H Findlay, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Box
778, Port Moresby, PNG, Tel: +675-212422, Fax: +675 211360, e-mail: geolsurv@daltron.com.pg
SE04 (T,S) The Caroline Plate and Its Boundaries: New
Constraints From Observations and Modeling
The Caroline Plate, located near the equator in the western Pacific, is
surrounded by three major plates: the Pacific, Philippine, and Australian
Plates. The history of seafloor spreading within the Caroline Plate and its
interaction with neighboring plates are poorly understood. The existence of
the Caroline Plate itself has been quite controversial because the boundaries
of this plate are not clearly defined by the present-day seismicity or
volcanism. There is only topographic evidence that it may be a separate plate
and not a part of the Pacific Plate. Whether the Caroline Plate is a separate
plate or not, an important question in the plate reconstruction of this region
is the manner in which the convergence of the Pacific Plate with Philippine
and Indo-Australian plates is accommodated. To the north of Caroline Plate,
the convergence between the Pacific and Philippine Sea Plates is accommodated
by subduction zones along the Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc as shown by major
earthquakes and active volcanism. Along the margins of Caroline Plate,
however, there is little evidence for substantial convergence. Furthermore, a
significant drop in the level of seismicity occurs to the south of Yap Island.
Early investigations suggest that the Caroline Plate has undergone a
counterclockwise rotation relative to the Philippine Plate, with the axis of
rotation located just south of Palau Island. However, there are now new
observations that suggest that the actual motion between the two plates may
have been more complicated and have occurred in an oblique fashion. In this
session, we seek papers that shed new light on the origin and relative motion
of the Caroline Plate and its interaction with neighboring plates. These may
include new shipboard observations, new interpretations, and kinematic or
dynamic models based on existing and/or new data.
Conveners: Sang-Mook Lee, Deepsea Resources Research Center, Korea
Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan P.O. Box 29, Seoul, 425-600
KOR, Tel: 82-31-400-6363, Fax: 82-31-418-8772, e-mail: smlee@kordi.re.kr, and
R. Dietmar Muller, The University of Sydney, Edgeworth David Building F05
School of Geosciences, Division of Geology and Geophysics , Sydney, NSW 2006
AUS, Tel: 61-2-9351-2003, Fax: 61-2-9351-0184, e-mail: dietmar@es.usyd.edu.au
SE05 (G,S,T) Tectonic Deformation of Continental
Asia: Observational Results and Models
Modern geodetic techniques (GPS, VLBI, SLR, and InSAR) have provided powerful
tools to accurately measure patterns of crustal deformation, and allow
possible differentiation of competing continental tectonic models (e.g.,
block-like or continuous, and eastward extrusion or crustal thicking of the
Tibetan plateau). We invite papers using geodetic and other geophysical
observations to better understand kinematic and dynamic processes associated
with the tectonics of Asia continent. These studies may include reference
frames and the kinematics of plate interactions, mechanical models of regional
tectonics, and deformation associated with earthquakes.
Conveners: Zheng-Kang Shen, Chinese Seismological Bureau, Institute of
Geology Chinese Seismological Bureau , Beijing, 100029 CHN, Tel:
1-310-206-4070, e-mail: zshen@ess.ucla.edu, and Robert W King, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary
Sciences MIT , Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, e-mail: rwk@prey.mit.edu
SE06 (T,G,S) Geophysical and Geologic Constraints on
Tectonic Models of Active Plate Boundaries
The western Pacific is the locus of diverse active plate boundaries, including
ocean-continent, ocean-ocean, continent-continent collisions, and complex
mixtures of these three end-members. This session draws together
geographically separate studies of active plate boundaries with the goal of
summarizing new insights and identifying unsolved problems. In particular, we
seek to advance our understanding of active plate margins well beyond the
textbook cartoons that featuring simple bending-plate models. All
contributions from seismology, potential fields, GPS, seismicity, and other
geophysical, geochemical, and geologic studies are welcome. Multidisciplinary
investigations are particularly encouraged, as are studies that challenge
conventional views of active plate boundaries.
Conveners: Walter Mooney, USGS, U S Geological Survey 345 Middlefield
Road, MS 977, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA, Fax: 1 650 329 5163, e-mail: mooney@usgs.gov,
and Chun-Yong Wang, China Seismological Bureau, Institute of Geology China
Seismological Bureau Qijiahuozi, Beijing, 100029 CHN, Tel: +86 10 6200 9146,
Fax: +86 10 6202 8617, e-mail: deng973@263.net
SE07 (T,S) Deformation of the Mantle at Convergent
Plate Boundaries
Geophysicists are beginning to make strides in understanding the rheology and
deformation of the mantle. This session intends to further that understanding
at convergent plate boundaries. Papers are sought on the mechanics of rock
deformation, measurements of mantle deformation through seismic, electrical,
or other means, and theoretical modeling of deformation zones. Studies that
integrate two or more of the above techniques are particularly sought after.
Conveners: Martha Savage, Victoria University, Wellington, NZL, e-mail:
martha.savage@vuw.ac.nz, and Stephen Mackwell, Universitaet Bayreuth, Bayreuth,
DEU, e-mail: Stephen.Mackwell@uni-bayreuth.de
SE08 (T,S,G) Strain Localization and Fault Mechanics
at Circum-Pacific Plate Boundaries
Strain localization along discrete structures within larger-scale plate
boundary zones is the combined effect of geological processes, such as
faulting and fluid flow, and intrinsic material characteristics, such as
inherited structure and rheology. Understanding plate boundary mechanics
therefore requires a multidisciplinary approach utilizing field-based studies,
geodynamic modeling, and seismological and remote-sensing components. In this
session we particuarly welcome submissions that address plate boundary strain
localization and mechanics in terms of crustal stress, deformation and fluid
regimes, and the rheological interplay between them. Key topics to be
discussed include the rheology of large-scale fault systems, the source and
effects of different plate tectonic driving forces, and the manifestations of
strain accommodation at various horizontal, vertical, and temporal scales.
Conveners: Phaedra Upton, Otago University, Dept. of Geology P O Box
56, Dunedin, NZL, e-mail: phaedra.upton@stonebow.otago.ac.nz, and John Townend,
Dept of Geophysics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA USA, e-mail: jtownend@stanford.edu
SE09 (T) Fluid Redistribution Processes Along Active
Plate Boundaries
Topography, deformation, metamorphism, and magmatism associated with active
plate boundaries drive redistribution of aqueous and other fluids within the
crust, transporting heat and solutes. Flow systems include hydrothermal
convection in fractured crust at oceanic spreading ridges and in magmatic
arcs, advective discharge from overpressured accretionary prisms and
dehydrating oceanic crust in subduction zones, and topography-driven flow in
collisional mountain belts. Questions to be addressed include the scale and
tempo of fluid flux in different tectonic environments, the role of brittle
fault-fracture systems and ductile shear zones as preferential flow conduits
(as evinced by their hosting of hydrothermal ore deposits), the extent of
fluid overpressuring above hydrostatic conditions in different settings, and
interactions between stress and fluid-pressure governing fault instability and
seismic style
Conveners: Julie Rowland, University of Otago, Dept. of Geology P O Box
56, Dunedin, NZL, e-mail: julie.rowland@stonebow.otago.ac.nz, and Stephen Cox,
Australian National University, Dept. of Geology and RSES, Canberra, ACT 0200
AUS, Tel: 61-2-6125 0045, Fax: 61-2-6125 5544, e-mail: sfcox@geology.anu.edu.au
SE10 (S,T) Deep Crustal Structure and Seismicity of
Convergent Plate Margins
Dense seismograph networks are providing increasingly clearer images of the
three-dimensional deep crustal structure of convergent margins, and the
seismic strain regime. At the same time, transects using active seismic
sources and electromagnetic soundings are revealing fine details of the deep
crustal structure and the nature of major fault zones. Taken together, these
studies provide insights into how convergence is accommodated and why there is
such variation in convergence style both along margins and between margins.
These studies also shed light on how deep structure controls basin formation,
faulting and seismicity in the shallow crust, and the nature of magma genesis
at subduction zones. We welcome papers from a wide range of disciplines, as a
multidisciplinary approach is necessary to fully understand the workings of
convergent plate margins.
Conveners: Martin Reyners, Institute of Geological & Nuclear
Sciences, POBox 30368, Lower Hutt, NZL, e-mail: m.reyners@gns.cri.nz, and
Stuart Henrys, Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences, PO Box 30368,
Lower Hutt, NZL, e-mail: s.henrys@gns.cri.nz, and Masahiro Kosuga, Hirosaki
University, JPN, e-mail: mkos@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp
SE11 (G,S,T) Aseismic Slip in Convergent Zones:
Observation, Interpretation, and Impact
Improved continuous monitoring of crustal deformation in convergent zones is
beginning to reveal a rich spectrum of transient aseismic motions. Such
transients have been observed to occur over timescales of days to years and
over a wide range of spatial scales as well. The intent of this session is to
bring together the most recent observational evidence for aseismic slip on
subduction interfaces, to propose realistic rupture models for these
transients, to examine physical models for the processes involved, and to
explore the relationship of aseismic transients to ongoing or potential
seismic activity.
Conveners: Herb Dragert, Geological Survey of Canada, Pacific
Geoscience Centre 9860 West Saanich Road, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2 CAN, Tel:
250-363-6447, Fax: 250-363-6565, e-mail: dragert@pgc.nrcan.gc.ca, and Takeshi
Sagiya, Geographical Survey Institute, Crustal Deformation Research Division
Geography and Crustal Dynamics Research Center Geographical Survey Institute 1
Kitasato , Tsukuba, 305-0811 JPN, Tel: +81-298-64-6939, Fax: +81-298-64-2655,
e-mail: sagiya@gsi.go.jp
SE12 (G,S,T) Modeling of Deformation and Faulting
At present there is a gap in timescale between models of crustal deformation
and of faulting. We hope to bring together workers in both fields to help
bridge this gap, with the aim of eventually integrating the two approaches. We
invite all contributions that would aid in this goal, such as those related to
incorporating faulting into numerical models of deformation, mathematical or
experimental studies of the mechanics of faulting and deformation, and
physically realistic computer simulations at all timescales.
Conveners: Russell Robinson, Inst. of Geological and Nuclear Sciences,
Gracefield Research Centre 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, NZL, Tel: +61 4 570
4735, Fax: +61 4 570 1440, e-mail: r.robinson@gns.cri.nz, and Susan M Ellis,
Inst of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Gracefield Research Centre 69
Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, NZL, Tel: +64 4 570 4730, Fax: +64 4 570 4679,
e-mail: s.ellis@gns.cri.nz
SE13 (T) Applications of Numerical Modeling to
Dynamic Earth Systems
This session focuses on numerical simulation in geodynamics. The fact that the
Earth is accessible to direct probing in only the most superficial sense, and
that we have very little direct knowledge of the time-evolution of the
interior density structure means that we are often completely reliant on
modeling and simulation to build up our understanding of the Earth's dynamics.
We are also often reliant on modeling to determine rheological properties or
to constrain the extrapolation of laboratory measurements of material
properties to geological time and length scales. In keeping with the themes of
this meeting we are particularly keen to solicit papers on modeling which deal
with the dynamic interaction of the lithosphere, convective flow in the
mantle, continental crust and subducting slabs at plate boundaries; the
dynamic evolution of plate boundaries, and major fault zones in the Earth;
rock mechanics simulations of fault / fracture processes; kinematically
constrained models for the evolution of mantle density and plate boundaries;
and general modeling which addresses the integration of processes with
disparate time and length scales.
Conveners: Louis Moresi, CSIRO, CSIRO Exploration & Mining , Perth,
AUS, Tel: +61 8 6436 8633, Fax: +61 8 6436 8555, e-mail: louis.moresi@csiro.au
SE14 (S,G,T) Seismogenesis: The Earthquake Generation
Process
A variety of new techniques is now being applied to understanding how major
earthquakes are generated. Foremost among these are the continuously recording
GPS networks. Other approaches, such as magnetotellurics, deep seismic
sounding, fault zone rock studies, and fluid inclusion studies, are producing
information on the earthquake rupture zone. Empirical and modeling studies of
seismicity both before and after main shocks continue to throw light on
processes in the earthquake source region. This session is designed to bring
Earth scientists from a variety of backgrounds to discuss the earthquake
source.
Conveners: Yoshihisa Iio, Earthquake Research Institute, Univ. Tokyo,
Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo, Tokyo,
113-0032 JPN, Tel: 81-3-5841-5787, Fax: 81-3-5689-723, e-mail: iio@eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp,
and David Rhoades, Inst. Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Gracefield Research
Centre 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, 6315 NZL, Tel: +64 4 570 4680, Fax: +64
4 570 1440, e-mail: d.rhoades@gns.cri.nz
SE15 (S,G) New Insights Into the 20 September 1999
Chi-Chi, Taiwan, Earthquake Sequence
The occurrence of the 20 September 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake sequence
offers rich data, including seismograms, coseismic and postseismic crustal
deformations, and ground ruptures. Studies have exhibited marked difference in
the physical properties of the northern and southern segments of the Chelungpu
fault associated with the Chi-Chi earthquake. A few models have been taken
into account to explain the observations. Lubrication or high pore pressure
has been regarded as the potential candidate to interpret the abnormally large
displacements in the northern segment. After the occurrence of the earthquake,
more seismological, geophysical, geodetical, and geological data have been
collected by different agencies of several countries. The new data mainly
include two deep seismic reflection profiles, shallow seismic and geoelectric
mapping, surface trenching, and borehole data from shallow drilling. In this
session, new data and studies of regional neotectonics, seismogenic-zone
structures, seismicity, source ruptures, crustal deformations, paleoseismicity,
physical modeling, strong ground motions, geoelectro-geomagnetic studies, and
seismic hazard mitigation will be presented.
Conveners: Jeen-Hwa Wang, Academia Sinica, Institute of Earth Sciences
Academia Sinica P.O.Box 1-55 Nankang, Taipei, TWN, Tel: 886-2-27839910
(ext.326), e-mail: jhwang@earth.sinica.edu.tw, and Masataka Ando, Nagoya
University, Research Center for Seismology and Volcanology Graduate School of
Science Nagoya University Furou-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 462-8602, JPN, Tel:
81-52-789-5390, e-mail: ando@seis.nagoya-u.ac.jp
SE16 (T,G) Tectonics and Surface Processes: Landscape
Response to Uplift, Translation, and Subsidence
The landscape provides a record of tectonic processes acting on timescales
that link current deformation observed geodetically and longer-term processes
recorded in crustal geology. This is a crucial temporal scale for unraveling
the processes of active tectonics. This session invites contributions related
to studies of the landscape response to such tectonic processes on a wide
range of spatial scales, with a particular emphasis on plate boundary regions.
Observational and modeling studies that document rates and mechanics of
landscape modifying processes, feedbacks among exhumation, tectonics and
climate, and studies aimed at exploiting the record preserved in the landscape
to unravel underlying tectonics are encouraged.
Conveners: Jane Lock, Penn State University, Dept. Geological Sciences
Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA, e-mail: janelock@
geodyn.psu.edu, and Nicola Litchfield, Gracefield Research Centre, Institute
of Geological and Nuclear Sciences 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt, NZL, Tel:
+64 4 570 4891, Fax: +64 4 570 1440, e-mail: n.litchfield@gns.cri.nz
SE17 (GP) Australian Regional Palaeomagnetism: A
Session in Honour of Chris Mc. A. Powell
Contributions related to the palaeomagnetism of the Australian Region are
sought. Topics in this broad-ranging session include, but are not limited to,
the palaeo-Proterozoic evolution of Australia and its interaction with ancient
neighbours, eastern Gondwanan palaeogeodynamics in the Palaeozoic and
associated apparent polar wander paths, and palaeomagnetic studies documenting
the rifting of Australia, Antarctica, India, New Zealand, and surrounding
terranes. Historical perspectives and current research in the palaeotectonic
evolution of the Australian Region, as documented by palaeomagnetism, are
welcome. Students are encouraged to participate.
Conveners: Kari L Anderson, Department of Earth & Planetary
Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 AUS, e-mail: kanderso@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au,
and Mark A Lackie, Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Macquarie
University, Sydney, NSW 2109 AUS, e-mail: mlackie@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au
SE18
(T,G,S) Distributed vs. Localized Deformation Along Major Active and Recent
Transcurrent Faults
Large transcurrent faults play a major role in the tectonic evolution of mountain belts. These faults are often associated with
subsidiary structures such as pull-apart basins or en echelon folds and thrusts that accommodate the extensional or
compressional components of motion of these active transcurrent faults. GPS measurements reveal most of the active motion
is localized along the fault itself with a small but significant part of it being absorbed along the subsidiary features. We invite interested geoscientists to present recent offshore or onshore structural data, and geodetic or geophysical data collected along such large transcurrent faults related to this problem. Questions that could be debated include: Can we establish a quantitative budget of the finite deformation (during the last 5 My) accommodated along the main fault compared to the amount which is accommodated along the subsidiary features? How does this partitioning of deformation vary in space and time? The terminations of major strike slip fault zones are often dominated by distributed transpressional or transtensional deformation. When were they established, before or during the establishment of the main transcurrent faults? What is their role in the development of the subsidiary features?
Conveners: Claude Rangin, CNRS, Laboratoire de Gologie Ecole Normale Suprieure, Paris, 75231 FRA, email:
rangin@geologie.ens.fr, and Richard Norris, University of Otago, Department of Geology, Otago, NZL, email:
richard.norris@stonebow.otago.ac.nz
SE19 (V,T) Antarctic Magmatism
Igneous rocks are a prominent constituent of Antarctica, and understanding
their evolution is a key to reconstruction of past tectonic events. Recent
studies in the Ross orogen have elucidated the significance of a complex
magmatic assemblage, dominated by convergent-margin calc-alkaline rocks, but
including an early Ross component of extensional or transtensional A-type
character. Younger magmatic episodes produced the Ferrar dolerites and
accompanying volcanic rocks during failed rifting that accompanied the
Jurassic breaking apart of Gondwana. Ongoing intraplate volcanism is reflected
in products of the McMurdo Group and Mount Erebus. The aim of this session is
to provide a venue for discussion of this diversity of magmatic activity
through time and its implications for the tectonic and geomorphic evolution of
Antarctica.
Conveners: Alan F. Cooper, University of Otago, Geology Department PO
Box 56, Dunedin, NZL, Tel: +64 3 479-7519, Fax: +64 3 479-7527, e-mail:
Alan.Cooper@stonebow.otago.ac.nz, and James D.L. White, University of Otago,
Geology Department PO Box 56, Dunedin, NZL, Tel: +64 3 479-7519, Fax: +64 3
479-7527, e-mail: james.white@stonebow.otago.ac.nz
SE20 (V) Western Pacific Andesites: Source to Surface
This session seeks contributions at the frontier of research concerned with
the petrogenesis of andesites in western Pacific arcs and using recent
advances in geochemical and petrological techniques. Integration of
microgeochemical methods (phenocryst and phenocryst hosted melt inclusion
studies by laser ablation ICP-MS, MC-ICP-MS, ion microprobe analysis, and
microsampling) with detailed stratigraphic and geochronological studies are
providing promising new perspectives into the petrogenesis of andesites and
their role in crustal genesis. A wide array of isotopic techniques is also
being applied to problems of timescales and process rates for magma genesis
and evolution in subduction systems. The convenors seek contributions on
aspects of andesite petrogenesis ranging from timescales from U-Th-Ra
disequilibrium, to microsampling of trace element and isotopes and detailed
chemostratigraphic studies of andesite volcanoes from western Pacific arcs.
Conveners: John Gamble, Victoria University of Wellington, School of
Earth Sciences, Wellington, NZL, e-mail: john.gamble@vuw.ac.nz, and Richard
Price, University of Waikato, School of Science & Technology, Hamilton,
NZL, e-mail: r.price@waikato.ac.nz
SE21 (V) The Auckland Volcanic Field: Records From
Recent Drilling
Over the past several years, a number of long sediment cores have been drilled
in two maar craters of the Auckland Volcanic Field, NZ. Recent studies on the
cored sediments have focused on the paleoclimate record and eruptive history
of the region and include data on tephra chronology, paleomagnetism, micro
flora and fauna, sediment characteristics, and geochemistry. The sediment
records for Onepoto and Pukaki craters are similar and suggest they may have
formed 100 kya. The eruptive event was followed by 60,000¾70,000
years of laminated lake deposition that was subsequently inundated by
estuarine muds at about 9 kya during Holocene sea level rise. Although the
session provides a venue for new data acquired from recent drilling,
contributions on other aspects of the Auckland Volcanic Field are also
welcome.
Conveners: James Shulmeister, University of Canterbury, Private Bag
4800, Christchurch, NZL, Tel: +64 - 3 -364-6762, Fax: +64 - 3 - 364 6769,
e-mail: j.shulmeister@geol.canterbury.ac.nz, and Kenneth L. Verosub,
University of California - Davis, Department of Geology One Shields Avenue ,
Davis, CA 95616 USA, Tel: 530-752-6911, Fax: 530-752-0951, e-mail: verosub@geology.ucdavis.edu,
and Warren W. Dickinson, Victoria University of Wellington, School of Earth
Sciences PO Box 600, Wellington, NZL, Tel: 64-4-463-6199, Fax: 64-4-463-5186,
e-mail: warren.dickinson@vuw.ac.nz
SE22 (V) The Stratigraphic Record of Pacific Rim
Volcanism
Volcanogenic deposits are the essential building blocks of many sedimentary
successions, at least from the Cretaceous until the Quaternary, along the
Pacific. Proper understanding of their origin, including eruptive/depositional
processes and depositional environments, is important not only for physical
volcanologists but also for stratigraphers, marine geologists,
paleoceanographers, and others, who are often faced with sedimentary strata
influenced by volcanism. This session solicits contributions on topics of
volcanogenic sedimentology and stratigraphy such as emplacement processes of
ignimbrites, dispersal of deep-sea tephra layers, volcaniclastic sedimentation
influenced by tectonism, and the relationships of volcanogenic sequences to
sealevel fluctuations.
Conveners: Young Kwan Sohn, Seoul National University, Department of
Oceanography, Seoul, 425-600 PRK, e-mail: yksohn@nongae.gsnu.ac.kr
SE23 (V) Volcano-Hydrologic Processes, Deposits, and
Hazards on the Pacific Rim
Volcano-hydrologic processes are amongst the most serious hazards arising from
volcanic activity around the Pacific Rim and include a wide variety of
phenomena operating over a range of both physical and time scales. They arise
from the interaction between the products of volcanic activity, environmental
water, and gravity. Examples include flank collapses of volcanic edifices that
produce debris avalanches and lahars, syneruptive and posteruptive
remobilisation of pyroclastic materials, and volcanogenic floods and tsunamis.
Key issues to be addressed include the nature and scale of the processes and
an assessment of the hazard that they pose to human life and infrastructure.
Conveners: Vern Manville, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences,
Wairakei Research Centre Private Bag 2000 , Taupo, NZL, Tel: +64 7 376-0144,
Fax: +64 7 374-8199, e-mail: v.manville@gns.cri.nz, and James D. L. White,
University of Otago, Geology Department PO Box 56, Dunedin, NZL, Tel: +64 3
479-7519, Fax: +64 3 479-7527, e-mail: j.white@otago.ac.nz
SE24 (V) Application of Magmatic Inclusions in
Phenocrysts to Studies of Magma Genesis, Magmatic Evolution, and Ore-Forming
Processes
The existence of melt, fluid, and crystalline inclusions, trapped by growing
crystals during magma evolution both prior to and during eruptions, has been
recognised for many years. Recently, however, advances in microbeam analytical
techniques have highlighted the importance of such inclusions for petrological
and geochemical studies of magma genesis and crystallisation, preeruptive melt
volatile contents, and ore-forming processes. In particular, inclusion studies
can yield estimates of crystallisation temperatures, the sequence of phase
changes in the host magma during cooling, constraints on cooling rates, the
composition of parental magmas and their liquid lines of descent,and
mechanisms of transfer for ore-forming metals from melts through magmatic
fluids to hydrothermal systems. This session aims to bring together scientists
involved in various aspects of melt and fluid inclusion research including
(but not limited to) theoretical studies of inclusion entrapment processes and
postentrapment modification, development of microanalytical techniques,
petrological and geochemical studies of melt and fluid inclusions in modern
mid-ocean ridge, suprasubduction zone, and within-plate magmas and their
ancient analogues, volatile contents in magmas at different stages of their
evolution, and metal contents of magmatic fluids.
Conveners: Leonid V. Danyushevsky, University of Tasmania, School of
Earth Sciences GPO Box 252-79, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001 AUS, Tel:
+61-3-62262467, Fax: +61-3-62232547, e-mail: l.dan@utas.edu.au, and Jon
Woodhead, University of Melbourne, School of Earth Sciences VIC 3010,
Melbourne, AUS, Tel: +61 3 8344 6821, Fax: +61 3 8344 7761, e-mail: jdwood@unimelb.edu.au
SE25 (V,T,G) Volcanoes in a Tectonic Context
This multidisciplinary session explores the relationships between volcanoes
and the dynamic tectonic regime in which they have evolved. Advances in
computing capabilities have enabled more ambitious analyses and modeling than
was possible previously. Developments in the last decade in geodetic data
collection techniques, such as GPS and radar interferometry, have provided an
improved resolution in spatial and temporal measurements. The deployment of
broadband, three-component seismometers at active volcanoes has increased our
knowledge of volcanic source processes. In addition, studies of local tectonic
events and teleseisms, including measurements of shear-wave splitting and
scattering, have increased our appreciation of the effects of propagation
through complex tectonic and volcanic structures on the recorded seismic
waveforms. Research exploring the relationships between volcanic activity and
the local tectonic regime is hence yielding new results on many different
scales, in both spatial and temporal terms. Papers describing results from
geodesy (GPS, InSAR), seismology, paleoseismology, and finite element modeling
are particularly welcomed.
Conveners: Nicki Stevens, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences,
PO Box 30368, Lower Hutt, NZL, Tel: +64 (0)4 570 4770, Fax: +64 (0)4 570 4600,
e-mail: n.stevens@gns.cri.nz, and Mike Hagerty, Institute of Geological and
Nuclear Sciences, Private Bag 2000, Wairakei, NZL, Tel: +64 (0)7 376 0149,
Fax: +64 (0)7 374 8199, e-mail: m.hagerty@gns.cri.nz
SE26 (T, V) New and Developing
Geochronometers and Their Future Role in Measuring Landscape Evolution:
Integrating Cosmogenic Nuclide, Apatite Thermochronology and Luminesence
Techniques
Over the past decade, the arsenal of tools in the field of isotope geoscience has experienced an unprecedented rise in analytical and technological innovation. Our need to document and measure changes of Earth's surface systems over ever wider spatial and temporal scales has also intensified as we seek a more robust understanding of Earth's recent history. The expansion of applications using in-situ cosmogenic radionuclides 14C, 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl, and the noble gases, 3He and 21Ne, has redefined the level of quantification we can expect- both temporal and spatial - of earth surface process during the Plio-Quaternary epoch. Integration of these new and emerging capabilities with established methods such as OSL, U-Th series, Ar-Ar and 14C dating and fission track and U-Th/He apatite thermochronology, has the potential to revolutionise our ability to address fundamental questions concerning the last few million years of Earth's history.
Papers that emphasise integrated or multi faceted approaches to using in-situ produced cosmogenic nuclides to study the Earth's recent history are sought, and those with a Southern Hemisphere focus are particularly encouraged. Innovative sample preparation procedures, new applications and production rate calibration studies are also welcome.
Convenors: David Fink, Physics Division, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, fink@ansto.gov.au, Roderick Brown, School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, rwbrown@unimelb.edu.au, Derek Fabel, Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, derek.fabel@anu.edu.au, Richard Roberts, School of Geosciences, University of Wollongong, rgrob@uow.edu.au