Scientists—especially those advocating for evidence-based policies—need to know their rights to free speech, how to participate in democratic processes, and when their research is protected from outside interference. In this session, attorneys from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the Climate Science Legal Defense Fund (CSLDF) will discuss the legal rights and restrictions that pertain to U.S. scientists who seek to engage in the policymaking process, participate in a demonstration or other forms of activism, become involved with a political event or campaign, or share their findings in ways that inform public policy. Other discussion topics will include ways in which some have tried to silence and undermine scientists, such as online harassment, invasive open records requests, and strategic lawsuits against public participation. The session will also cover options that scientists have to protect themselves if they are targeted.