Accurately determining the spatial and energy characteristics of different auroral particle precipitation types has been a significant challenge in sp...

Near-Earth plasma originates from two sources. The first source is the solar wind and is comprised primarily of protons. The second source is Earth it...

The plasmasphere consisting of a few eV ions and electrons plays important roles in the magnetospheric dynamics. For example, the plasmasphere control...

Solar eclipses provide opportunities to study the short-time scale dynamics of the physical and chemical processes of the ionospheric D region. Measur...

Using coupled SuperThermal Electron Transport (STET) and Super-thermal Proton Electron Atomic Hydrogen tRansport in the Ionosphere and Thermosphere (...

Since the first detection of O+ in the magnetosphere, the question of how O+ escapes the ionosphere has persisted. O+ is created at energies of a frac...

The Polar Wind Outflow Model (PWOM) solves for the vertical transport of charged particles from the high-latitude ionosphere to the magnetosphere alon...

The cusp region has been regarded as a major source of magnetospheric O+ (and heavy ions), which increases greatly during geomagnetic storms. Since fa...